Understanding consumer attitudes is important and consumer belief is increasingly relying on CSR considerations.

Evidence is obvious: dismissing human rightsissues can have significant costs for companies and countries. Governments and companies that have effectively aligned with ethical practices prevent reputation damage. Applying stringent ethical supply chain practices,encouraging fair labour conditions, and aligning regulations with international convention on human rights will safeguard the trustworthiness of nations and affiliated businesses. Also, recent reforms, for instance in Oman Human rights and Ras Al Khaimah human rights exemplify the international increased exposure of ESG considerations, be it in governance or business.

Market sentiment is all about the general attitude of investor and shareholders towards specific securities or markets. In the previous decade it has become increasingly additionally affected by the court of public opinion. Consumers are more mindful ofbusiness behaviour than in the past, and social media platforms enable allegations to spread far and beyond in no time whether they truly are factual, misleading and on occasion even slanderous. Hence, conscious consumers, viral social media campaigns, and public perception can lead to reduced sales, declining stock rates, and inflict harm to a company's brand equity. On the other hand, years ago, market sentiment dependent on financial indicators, such as for instance product sales figures, profits, and economic variables in other words, fiscal and monetary policies. However, the proliferation of social media platforms as well as the democratisation of data have indeed widened the range of what market sentiment entails. Needless to say, consumers, unlike any time before, are wielding plenty of capacity to influence stock prices and impact a company's economic performance through social media organisations and boycott plans according to their perception of a company's decisions or standards.

Capitalists and shareholders are more worried about the effect of non-favourable press on market sentiment than any other factors these days simply because they recognise its immediate effect to overall company success. Although the relationship between corporate social responsibility initiatives and policies on consumer behaviour shows a weak relationship, the info does in fact show that multinational corporations and governments have actually faced some financialdamages and backlash from customers and investors as a result of human rights concerns. The way customers view ESG initiatives is frequently as being a promotional tactic rather instead of a determining variable. This distinction in priorities is clear in consumer behaviour studies where the effect of ESG initiatives on purchasing decisions remains relatively low compared to price, quality and convenience. On the other hand, non-favourable press, or particularly social media when it highlights corporate misconduct or human rights related issues has a strong impact on consumers attitudes. Customers are more likely to react to a company's actions that clashes with their individual values or social objectives because such narratives trigger a psychological reaction. Thus, we notice government authorities and companies, such as for instance within the Bahrain Human rights reforms, are proactively taking procedures to weather the storms before having to deal with reputational damages.